{"id":16514,"date":"2020-04-30T02:43:39","date_gmt":"2020-04-29T21:43:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/umang.pk\/2020\/04\/how-nasa-engineers-developed-a-ventilator-for-covid-19-patients-in-just-a-month\/"},"modified":"2020-04-30T02:43:39","modified_gmt":"2020-04-29T21:43:39","slug":"how-nasa-engineers-developed-a-ventilator-for-covid-19-patients-in-just-a-month","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/umang.pk\/ur\/2020\/04\/30\/how-nasa-engineers-developed-a-ventilator-for-covid-19-patients-in-just-a-month\/","title":{"rendered":"How NASA engineers developed a ventilator for COVID-19 patients in just a month"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p class=\"p--has-dropcap p-large-text\" id=\"OGu7My\">David Van Buren, an engineer at NASA&#39;s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, typically spends time designing and building devices for space telescopes or robots that will explore other worlds of the solar system. But over the past month, JPL&#39;s Van Buren and his colleagues are working on a project to create a ventilator to help sick patients with a truly unexplored project, COVID-19.<\/p>\n<p id=\"rnLWTo\">Van Buren had experience in medical engineering, but never designed a ventilator. But JPL&#39;s colleagues and colleagues are used to making inexperienced stuff. In fact, they <em>no one<\/em> Production experience.<\/p>\n<div class=\"c-float-right c-float-hang\">\n<aside id=\"rcFiRu\"><q>&quot;We are used to looking at new problems and figuring out how to fix them.&quot;<\/q><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"i8Dmh3\">&quot;If the scientist came to us and said we want to go to Jupiter&#39;s moon and pierce the ice and see what&#39;s under it, it&#39;s never been done before,&quot; he said. <em>The budge<\/em>. &quot;We&#39;re used to figuring out how to look at new problems, what people haven&#39;t done before, or what they didn&#39;t do before.&quot;<\/p>\n<p id=\"oBlNlm\">Some of JPL&#39;s engineers completed 37 days of research, planning and tinkering, and created a prototype called the VITAL ventilator. A white digital box with a ventilator, the ventilator sits between the sophisticated advanced ventilator the patient needs most and a simple outpatient bag that can be used as a temporary measure to quickly squeeze the air into the lungs. Because the team does not want to interfere with the production of more important ventilators, VITAL ventilators are intended for patients who need respiratory support but are not in the most serious condition. It is a temporary tool designed to last 3 to 4 months in the hospital.<\/p>\n<p id=\"9rmOCq\">VITAL was specifically designed for people with COVID-19, which helped guide the design. \u201cWe took every possible step to maintain the function we needed for COVID-19 patients,\u201d said Van Buren.<\/p>\n<div class=\"c-wide-block\">\n<figure class=\"e-image\"><span class=\"e-image__inner\"><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"e-image__image \" data-original=\"https:\/\/cdn.vox-cdn.com\/uploads\/chorus_asset\/file\/19932649\/pia23714_1041.jpg\"><\/p>\n<picture class=\"c-picture\" data-cid=\"site\/picture_element-1588174255_247_178653\" data-cdata=\"{\"asset_id\":19932649,\"ratio\":\"*\"}\"><source   type=\"image\/webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" data-upload-width=\"1041\" src=\"http:\/\/umang.pk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/How-NASA-engineers-developed-a-ventilator-for-COVID-19-patients-in.jpg\" title=\"\"><\/source><\/picture><\/span><\/p>\n<p>  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"e-image__meta\"><figcaption><em>VITAL ventilator.<\/em><\/figcaption><cite>Image: NASA<\/cite><\/p>\n<p>    <\/span><\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"eihdQD\">Throughout January and February, Van Buren was chasing news about the spread of COVID-19 in China, where concerns are growing. Since the outbreak of H1N1 in 2009, pandemic flu has been thought of ever since his daughter had to be hospitalized for a new strain of flu. <\/p>\n<p id=\"CWqywX\">In early March, when the community outbreak of COVID-19 in Washington and California became clear, Van Buren actually began to focus on what he could help. Early models suggested that the hospital would not have enough capacity or equipment to handle the influx of COVID-19 patients. Van Buren thought that JPL could be an asset in the fight. One day he bumped into JPL&#39;s chief engineer Rob Manning at the center restaurant and started talking about what they could do. Van Buren said, \u201cWhen considering the situation, we thought the project we were spending time on may not be the most important thing we could do.<\/p>\n<div class=\"c-float-left c-float-hang\">\n<aside id=\"dc1oLo\"><q>&quot;We&#39;ve applied some of the patterns we use to create the occasion to land on Mars.&quot;<\/q><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"ZC1m9a\">Manning sought money to form a small team and the project started on March 16th. The group contacted a pulmonary specialist named Michael Gurevitch, who has been working in ventilators for decades. He came in and informed the team of the exact needs of the ventilator, and the JPL staff took detailed notes on the giant whiteboard.<\/p>\n<p id=\"CePyB0\">\u201cWe applied some of the patterns we use to build the instrument when we measure the landing on Mars, piercing the surface and going down,\u201d said Burunen. \u201cWe interact with scientists. In this case, we were able to design an instrument or ventilator in this case in cooperation with the clinician and exactly what was needed. \u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"c-wide-block\">\n<div id=\"Qi5axW\">\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/NB7SdwkBqHU?rel=0\" style=\"border: 0; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" scrolling=\"no\" allow=\"encrypted-media; accelerometer; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"sm9OYY\">In the end, other people at JPL participated in the project, including Michelle Easter. A mechanism commonly known as an actuator is studied. These motors are used to place or rotate equipment such as solar panels during missions. <\/p>\n<p id=\"L2G6BX\">\u201cActuators are often a combination of mechanisms and electronics,\u201d says Easter. <em>The budge<\/em>. \u201cAnd that&#39;s the VITAL device. This is a mechanism controlled by an embedded electronic device, and this type of design is very comfortable. &quot;<\/p>\n<p id=\"0lXcID\">The team tried to use as many commercial parts as possible, such as tubing, motors, valves, and electronic displays to create VITAL. In the future, a person who manufactures a device in the future does not need to special order what is needed for a more complex ventilator. The team found that companies and suppliers are eager to provide scalable supplies. And when I didn&#39;t get what the JPL needed, I gave them a reference.<\/p>\n<div class=\"c-float-right c-float-hang\">\n<aside id=\"EyRxgw\"><q>&quot;The companies opened Rolodexe and gave us the name of the competitor.&quot;<\/q><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"dMugbR\">\u201cThe companies were opening Rolodexe and giving us the name of a competitor. But people threw all the traditional competition out of the window. \u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"GfF8SS\">Eventually, the team decided on the final VITAL design. This machine is suitable for COVID-19 patients, so it focuses on delicately supplying air to the stiff lungs, a characteristic symptom of the virus. The stiff lungs are more difficult to swell, so patients struggle to get enough air to breathe. VITAL provides the patient with sufficient air pressure to inflate the lungs, but the lungs do not over-expand. The machine also works to ensure that the lungs do not contract completely. Patients with COVID-19 are inflamed and have sticky lung damage. When all the air comes out of the lungs and both sides touch each other, they can stick together and become more difficult to open again. Therefore, VITAL tries to inflate the lungs slightly whenever the patient exhales.<\/p>\n<div class=\"c-wide-block\">\n<figure class=\"e-image\"><span class=\"e-image__inner\"><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"e-image__image \" data-original=\"https:\/\/cdn.vox-cdn.com\/uploads\/chorus_asset\/file\/19932669\/PIA13936_hires.jpg\"><\/p>\n<picture class=\"c-picture\" data-cid=\"site\/picture_element-1588174255_8581_178654\" data-cdata=\"{\"asset_id\":19932669,\"ratio\":\"*\"}\"><source   type=\"image\/webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" data-upload-width=\"1539\" src=\"http:\/\/umang.pk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/1588196619_354_How-NASA-engineers-developed-a-ventilator-for-COVID-19-patients-in.jpg\" title=\"\"><\/source><\/picture><\/span><\/p>\n<p>  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"e-image__meta\"><figcaption><em>JPL has a variety of test facilities, such as a huge vacuum chamber used to expose spacecraft to extreme environments.<\/em><\/figcaption><cite>Image: NASA<\/cite><\/p>\n<p>    <\/span><\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"ztRymR\">Now that the team has a working prototype, we have moved on to testing the environment using the device. Every time NASA sends a spaceship to another world, each vehicle must be exposed to extreme conditions such as wide temperature, intense vibrations, loud sounds, etc. to make sure it can withstand the harsh space environment. Validating medical equipment requires a lot of the same tests, and JPL has facilities to run those equipment, including a huge vacuum chamber and settings that rigorously shake the hardware.<\/p>\n<p id=\"nZs56U\">\u201cWe develop spacecraft, not medical devices, but there are too many similar elements. Because both must be very high reliability systems. \u201cIn the case of a spaceship, once placed in space, it can never go, and it cannot be fixed. So we need to make sure it&#39;s perfect, perfect and works as expected under all conditions. Of course, in the case of medical devices, it connects them to humans. We have to make sure that it won&#39;t hurt anyone. Both are very important \u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"EOJNFT\">The Food and Drug Administration is encouraging organizations to quickly develop new devices to combat COVID-19, so many tests for equipment certification are no longer required. However, JPL still needs to do altitude testing with VITAL to make sure the machine works in the same place as Denver. You also need to do an electromagnetic interference test, which will make sure that VITAL is working fine if someone is talking to a nearby cell phone.<\/p>\n<div class=\"c-float-left c-float-hang\">\n<aside id=\"MBIr2Q\"><q>&quot;We build spaceships, not medical devices, but there are too many similar elements.&quot;<\/q><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"dlBP4b\">During the final test round, JPL is waiting for FDA to approve VITAL for emergency use. Once approved, the team sends the design to a company that can produce VITAL in bulk and deliver the ventilator to the hospital where it is needed. \u201cWe do not produce,\u201d says Van Buren. \u201cWe make one or two kinds and send them to Mars or Saturn or elsewhere. So we hired several companies to help understand the mass production aspect. \u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"z3LNYE\">I am not sure how the team will proceed when the VITAL ventilator is shipped worldwide. Many of the team paused a normal project to prepare this ventilator as soon as possible. They will soon return to the design of the interplanetary space probe, but they have been briefly hit by the medical community to gain buoyancy.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-end-para\" id=\"wfX297\">\u201cI feel grateful that everyone on the team can positively contribute to our brain skills and teamwork. &quot;This definitely helps us feel power in other kinds of powerless situations.&quot;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/pre>\n<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>David Van Buren, an engineer at NASA&#39;s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, typically spends time designing and building devices for space telescopes or robots that will explore other worlds of the solar system. But over the past month, JPL&#39;s Van Buren and his colleagues are working on a project to create a ventilator to help sick patients [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16515,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16514","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/umang.pk\/ur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16514","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/umang.pk\/ur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/umang.pk\/ur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umang.pk\/ur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umang.pk\/ur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16514"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/umang.pk\/ur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16514\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umang.pk\/ur\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/umang.pk\/ur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16514"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umang.pk\/ur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16514"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umang.pk\/ur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16514"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}